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To Fayette
"To Fayette" was written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge and published in the 26 December 1794 ''Morning Chronicle'' as part of the ''Sonnets on Eminent Characters'' series. Coleridge, like other Romantic poets, viewed Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette as a hero of liberty for his part in the American and French revolutions. The poem coincides with Fayette's imprisonment in Austria, and he is treated as a martyr for liberty. The language Coleridge uses within the poem to describe Fayette and revolutions appears in many of his later works.
==Background==
"To Fayette" is the fourth poem of the ''Sonnets of Eminent Characters'' series and follows "To Priestley". It was completed at the beginning of December 1794 and published in the 15 December 1794 ''Morning Chronicle''. The poem was included in Coleridge's collections of poetry from 1796 onwards with minimal changes.〔Mays 2001 pp. 157–158〕 A footnote was added to line 14 which read, "The above beautiful Sonnet was written antecedently to the joyful account of the Patriot's escape from the Tyrant's Dungeon."〔Mays II 2001 qtd. p. 210〕 In a letter dated 1 November 1796 to Thomas Poole, Coleridge explained that "To Fayette" would be included as "Juvenilia" in the second edition of the 1796 collection with "an advertisement signifying that the Poems were retained by the desire of some friends, but that they are to be considered as being in the Author's own opinion of very inferiour merit."〔Coleridge 2008 p. 128〕
Lafayette was involved in the American Revolution serving as a major-general and served in France as the commander of the National Guard between 1789 and 1791 after the Bastille fell.〔Patton 1970 p. 39〕 He later joined with the reformers during the beginning of the French Revolution, and he eventually became a member of the Estates General. After the French monarch was removed, he was imprisoned in Austria and was not released until 1797.〔Mays 2001 p. 158〕 Like many of the Romantic poets, Coleridge saw those who challenged their governments in the name of liberty as a hero, which included Lafayette.〔Dolin 2007 p. 117〕
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